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BY HENR^ C. WRIGHT. 




PIOPEDALE, MASS. 

NO*\*RESISTA*NT A^D PRACTICAL CHRISTIAN OFFIC^ 

1848. 


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Die- 


NI^'G SHIELD — HIS EMPLOYERS — HIS 
Business. 

Jo.s .1 Wh • f'! lived in Salem. He was old and rich. ' 
Joe and Fr^n!,- Voo] dved in the same town. They coveted 
1^3 proi' .'V.;' and o‘.\p 0.0 d to inherit it at his death. The 
protracted 'j<d; of Joufjjj: \v hite was considered by them as 
rppr. to iheir ;nteu>t'-. They wished to destroy it. They 
cai*od on Dick rrowniag-djieiu, a young man living in Sa¬ 
lem, who had .3fiKho<i )he art of human slaughter at the West 
Point Academy, and said to him, in substance :— 

“ Will y ' enlisi into our service ?” 

Dick. —“ What to do ?” 

Knapps. —“ We wish to kill Joseph White.” 

Dick. —“ What harm has he done to you ?” 

Knapps. —“ None; save that by his hie we are kept out 
of the possession of property which we expect to inherit. 
We have no resources but to kill him.” 

Dick. —“ But he is innocent of all evil intentions towards 
you ? ” 

Knapps. —“ We know he is; but his life is in our way, 
and we wish to get rid of him.” 

Dick. —“ But would it be right to kill him ?” 

Knapps. —“ Give yourself no trouble about that. We 
will be responsible for the right or wrong of the deed. If 
you enlist to do it, you have nothing to do with that ques¬ 
tion.” 

Dick. —“ But suppose I think it murder ?” 

Knapps. —“ That is our concern, not yours. If you en¬ 
list into our service, we wish you to enlist to do our pleasure, 
even though you think it to be murder. 

Dick. —“ Who is to be benejiited by his death ?” 



3 

Knapps. —“Ourselves, of course. We do not wish to kill 
him for his good, but solely for our own.” 

Dick. —“ So, then, I am to understand that you wish to 
-- enlist me into your service, to kill an innocent inan^ at 
your instigation, and for your benefit ?” 

Knapps. —“ That is our wish. Will you enlist ?” 

Dick. —“ What am I to get for doing the deed ?” 

Knapps. —“ One thousand dollars.” 

Dick. —“ Do you wish me to kill any others ?” 

Knapps. —“ Kill this one man, and the money is yours, 
and we will discharge you from our service as soon as the 
deed is done.” 

Dick. —“ Well, I see no more wrong in enlisting into the 
service of two men to kill one, at their bidding and for their 
benefit, than in enlisting into the service of millions, called 
a State, to kill thousands at their bidding and for their bene¬ 
fit. So, I am at your service, and will execute your pleas¬ 
ure upon Joseph White.” 

The Knapps furnished their recruit with a dirk and blud¬ 
geon. At midnight, he entered the back window with a 
dark lantern, crept up the front stairs, and entered the sleep¬ 
ing chamber of Joseph White. He was asleep. Dick struck 
him on his head with a club; then turned down the clothes 
and stabbed him thirteen times in the region of his heart; 
then covered him up, left the house, hid the bludgeon under 
tlie door-steps of a church, and melted the dagger. Dick 
and the Knapps were taken up and imprisoned. While 
awaiting their trial Dick hung himself. The Knapps were 
tried, condemned and hung. 

What would you call Dick Crowningshield ? A hired 
Assassin, is the answer; and all will insist that this is the 
only phrase in the English language that can truly designate 
his character and position. What would you call the Knapps ? 
The instigators and prime movers in the deed—the Em- 



4 

PLOYERs OF A HIRED Assassin. The relation between 
Crowningshield and the Knapps was that of a hired Assas¬ 
sin to his employers. The community would not endure 
the presence of the employers or the employed among them, 
and they put them all to death. 

Zachary Taylor—his Employers—his Business. 

There is a town in Mexico called Monterey. It contains 
say 20,000 inhabitants, more or less. They never injured 
the people of the United States, even in thought. Yet their 
existence is opposed to their ambition, and lust of gold and 
of oppression. They wish to destroy the town of Monterey. 
So, those who compose the United States, through their 
agents, the recruiting officers, go forth to enlist men into their 
service. They meet Zachary Taylor, and ask him, in sub¬ 
stance:— 

“ Will you enlist into our service ?’* 

Zachary. — “ What do you wish me to do ?” 

People. — “ We wish you to kill the people of Monterey.” 

Zach. — “ What have they done ?” 

People. —“^O, nothing, only their existence is opposed to 
our interests.” 

Zach. —“'They are, then, innocent of all evil intentions 
and actions towards you ?” 

People. —“Yes; they never injured us, and never intend¬ 
ed to injure us.” 

Zach. —“ Why then do you wish to kill them ?” 

People. —“ Simply and solely because they are in our 
way, and there is no other method to get rid of them.” 

Zach. —“ Would it be right to kill them ?” 

People. —^That is our affair, not yours. We wish you to 
enlist to do our bidding, and kill whom we wish, right or 
wrohg,” 


■ 




5 

Zach.' —“But suppose I know them to be innocent — 
must I kill them ?” 

People. —“Yes; if we bi^you.” 

Zach. —“ But suppose I believe that to kill them would 
be MURDER—must I do it ?” 

People. —“ Yes, if we bid you kill them. We wish to 
enlist none into our service, as soldiers, who are not willing 
to swear by the great God that they will kill any and all 
whom we bid them kill, even though they believe it would 
be murder.” 

Zach. —“ How many do you wish me to kill ?” 

People. —“ No particular persons, or number ; but we 
wish to enlist you to butcher men by the day, till we have 
gained our end.” 

Zach. —“ So, then, now I understand you. You wish me 
to enlist into your service, to kill human beings, without 
regard to their guilt or innocence, at your bidding, and 
for your benefit. You wish me to swear by the Eternal, 
that I will kill men, women and children at your discretion, 
even though I know they are innocent, and though I believe 
that to kill them would be murder 

People. —“ Yes, such is our wish.” 

Zach. —“ But suppose I should enlist, and then should not 
be willing to kill all whom you command me to kill; and 
suppose I should wish to leave your service ?” 

People. —“ Once enlisted, you must do our bidding or be 
killed yourself; and if you attempt to leave our service 
without our consent, we shall shoot or hang you.” 

Zach. —“ How much money will you give me ?” 

People. —“ Two hundred dollars per month.” 

Zach. —“ Well; the Ministers and Churches say War is 
a right and Christian practice. If so, then it is right to en¬ 
list; and when enlisted to go for my employers, right or 

5a 




G 

wrong. So I am your man. Henceforth I am ready to kill 
all you bid me kill, though I know them to be innocent, and 
though I believe it would be murder.” 

People .—“ You are the %ian for us. ‘ Rough and 
Ready’ is your name henceforth. We have work on hand 
at this moment.” 

ZacA.—“ Name it and it is done.” 

People '—“There is a town in Mexico called Monterey. 
Go, slay its inhabitants, and destroy it.” 

Zach .—“ Give me the means, and the deed is done.” 

So the means are supplied by his employers. Now, be¬ 
hold Zachary before the devoted town. It is Sunday. This 
is the day chosen by him to make the attack. See the 
scenes enacted by Zachary, the soldier. He is acting as the 
agent of twenty millions. Had he bombarded that city as 
tlie agent of two —how had he been the execration of man¬ 
kind ! 

Look at that Nursery ! See that mother watching her 
four little ones lovingly at play in one corner. Zachary dis¬ 
charges a gun loaded with grape-shot at them; and in a mo¬ 
ment their limbs and bodies are torn to fragments, and the 
mother sits amid their mangled remains. In another nui;se- 
ry is an infant sleeping in the cradle ; the mother sits by it 
rocking, and singing its lullaby. Zachary hurls a cannon 
ball at that mother and infant, and tears them in pieces. 

Look into that dining room. There are a father and moth¬ 
er and five children at the dinner table. A ball thrown by 
Zachary enters, and the father and children are torn and 
killed around the surviving mother. There is a school- 
house. In it are 75 children with their teacher. Zachary 
throws a bomb-shell among them. It explodes, and the torn 
limbs and dead bodies of 50 of those children are strewed 
about, and their teacher and companions are covered with 
their blood. There is a daughter standing by her broken- 





7 

hearted father to comfort and sustain him. Zachary hurls a 
cannon bull at her and cuts her body in two, and there she 
lies a mangled corse before her father. 

“For the Love of Heaven spare that house !” cries a 
young man to Zachary, as he is aiming a deadly missile at 
a particular dwelling. “I care not if every other 
HOUSE IN TOWN IS BLOWN TO ATOMS—but do uot de¬ 
stroy that one.” 

Zachary. —“ What is your reason ?” 

Young man. —“ My betrothed lives there. She whom I 
love as my own soul.” 

Zachary. —“ All love and domestic aftections must be for¬ 
gotten here.” 

Young man. — “ But do spare that one. One of your own 
compan'ions begs you to spare it.” 

T^achary. —“ It is the bidding and for the interest of our 
employers that that house and all in it should be destroyed. 
We must go for our employers, RIGHT OR WRONG.” 

Young man. —“ O spare it ! To wdiat dangers is she 
whom I love exposed ! Think of the agony I must feel to 
find her a mangled corpse !” 

Zachary. —“ Young man, you seem to care nothing about 
the other houses, and are willing to see them ‘ blown to at¬ 
oms.’ Yet every ball and bomb-shell we throw tears to pie¬ 
ces some wife or husband, some parent or child, some broth¬ 
er or sister, all of whom are objects of affection to others, 
and their death causes as much agony to surviving relatives 
as the death of your betrothed would to you. She must die. 
Such is the bidding and pleasure of my employers. 

A bomb-shell is aimed at the house; and in an instant it 
is a heap of ruins. The shell comes into the parlor where 
the parents and their children are assembled, and explodes. 
A ragged piece of iron strikes the young woman and tears 
away her head and shoulders. 


8 

See that Mexican woman. What is in her hands ? She 
is carrying bread and water to the wounded American sol¬ 
diers. She raises the head of a wounded man, gives him 
food to eat and water to drinlv; takes a handkerchief from 
her own kind bosom and is binding up his wounds. Zacha¬ 
ry aims a gun at her, and tears in pieces that angel of mer¬ 
cy,—A Fx\CT, and the eye-witness who relates it, says : 
“ I involuntarily raised my eyes to Heaven, and exclaimed— 
GREAT GOD ! IS THIS WAR ? Passing the spot the 
next day, I saw her body still lying there, with the bread 
by her side and the broken gourd with a few drops of water 
in it—emblems of her errand.” 

Now Zachary, with his comrades, enters the city in per¬ 
son. He cries to them as he enters : “ NOW GIVE THEM 
HELL !” So, to do the pleasure, and promote the interests 
of his employers, he goes about the city from street to street, 
enters the houses of rich and poor, violates and massacres 
the women and children, till the kitchens, parlors, nurseries 
and bed-rooms run down with blood. The city is sacked. 
Rape, cruelty, robbery, murder and indiscriminate butchery 
accompany Zachary from house to house. He violates and 
murders wives, mothers, daughters and sisters in the pres¬ 
ence of their husbands, sons and brothers, and thus he 
“ GIVES THEM HELL,” as the agent and for the interests 
of his praying, meeting-going, republican employers. 

A description of the scene by one who witnessed it, and 
who aided Zachary in the work of death, is substantially as 
follows : 

“ Zachary’s face and the faces of his men were covered 
with sweat, dust, and blood, as they toiled for their employ¬ 
ers in the work of slaughter. IMen, women and children 
were slaughtered ‘ LIKE HOGS AT A BUTCHERING.’ 
Here and there were seen a ghastly mass of flesh and 
crushed bones. It was sickening to hear the shrieks of wo- 



9 * 

men; to see them struggling in the arms of Zachary and his 
men, and begging for death; to see them cut to pieces; to 
see the bodies of infants and children torn asunder; but 
‘SOLDIERS MUST SICKEN AT NOTHING.’ On 
Zachary rushed with his men—hands dripping with blood— 
intent on ‘ GIVING THEM HELL,’ and on standing by his 
employers, ‘ RIGHT OR WRONG.’ The feeble, the in¬ 
nocent, the helpless, fell beneath his sword, and were torn 
to fragments by his balls and shells. I could hear the shrieks 
of the dying—the pitiful cries of children over the mangled 
remains of parents. I saw them crushed, mangled, dying, 
dead ! Save me from ever witnessing the bombardment 
and sacking of a city ; at least, if I must see it, let there 
be none but men within its walls. There is some glory in 
killing men, even if they are innocent. This is the soldier^ 
trade, and his only way to glory; but there is no comfort nor 
glory in crushing and mutilating women and children. This 
is now the trade of Zachary and of every soldier.” 

Zachary promised the people protection if they would 
yield. They did. How did he protect them ? Let eye¬ 
witness tell. Zachary, for the sake of popvlarityy ue^-^ 
lected to restrain the passions of his voluntt^ers,” “ MUR¬ 
DER, ROBBERY and RAPE were conunitted in broad 
day-light; and, as if desirous to signalize themselves at Mon¬ 
terey by some new acts of atrocity, they bui nod nia ay of the 
thatched huts of the poor peasants.” 

Says another eye-witness of the doings of Zachary.—he 
“ committed outrages against the citizens cf tho most, dis¬ 
graceful character : stealings or rather robbing, insulting 
the women, breaking into houses, and other feats of a :iv "i- 
lar character. * The women have been repeatedly violai- 
ed, (almost an every-day affair,) houses are brok n open, 
and ^sults of every kind have been offered io thoe whotn 
wc are bound in honor to protect,” 



10 

Says another eye-witness of the doings of Zachary : “It 
was an awful sight to look upon the dead—some shot with 
cannon balls and some with small shot—some with their" 
heads shot off—some with their legs some with their 
bowels scattered on the ground.” 

Says another eye-witness of another scene: “ bodies of 
IMexicans were lying all about in every direction—some with 
their heads entirely or partly shot off —others without legs 
or arms —others with their entrails torn out. I crept about 
on my hands and knees, and at every few paces 1 would 
come across deael bodies; and at one place I discovered the 
body of a beautif ul Mexican girl, STAKED through her 
heart.” 

The above is substantially a truthful narrative of deeds 
perpetrated by him and his men in Monterey and other towns 
in 3Iexico, at the bidding and for the benefit of his religious, 
republican employers. 

The Difference. 

Now, v'.h is the difference between Zachary, the sol¬ 
dier, aid 7 -/r the assassin? In the following particulars 
they dy alike : 

T' e auassin killed a man whom he knew to be innocent; 
the soldier did the same. 

T' osm&i in killed the innocent at the instigation of his 
f:mploytf's;^,o did the soldier. 

The i’sso .sin slew his victim for the benefit of his em~ 
ph-y::rs; SO 0id the soldier. 

The ii ssasyin entered into a contract with his employers 
I'oJuntarUy; so did the soldier. 

The. aM^ssin killed his victim intentionally and deliber¬ 
ately. o .Md the soldier. ^ 

The i^^a^sin “ killed, a reasonable creature,” and was 


11 

“ of a sound mind and discretion;” so did the soldier and 
in the same state of mind. 

The assassin killed an innocent man “ with malice and 
forethought,^^ “ with a sedate, deliberate mind, and former 
design;” so did the soldier. 

As to the state of their minds towards their victims; as to 
their motives; as to the character of their victims; as to the 
nature and character of their acts, there is an exact resem¬ 
blance between Dick the assassin and Zachary the soldier. 

In the following particulars they differ : 

Zachary had millions of employers; the assassin had but 
two, 

Zachary killed thousands; the assassin killed one. 

Zachary’s sword, balls and bomb-shells, were accounted 
Christian weapons to slay men; the assassin’s bludgeon 
and dirk were considered unchristian. 

Zachary broke the limbs and tore the flesh of Jiis victims 
and left them to die in protracted agony ; the assassin killed 
his instantly and without protracted pain. 

Zachary’s deeds are said by the priests and churches to 
be God-approved and Christ-like; the assassin’s are de¬ 
nounced by them as evil and only evil. 

Zachary is hailed as a Christian patriot ; DicZc is shunned 
by all. 

Zachary, as he returns from IMonterey, his face, his hands 
and garments dripping with the blood of innocent women 
and children, is welcomed “ by the smiles and kisses of hia 
countrywomen;” they shrink from Dick with horror. 

Zachary is held up by mothers, by teachers, by p-i*. 
and politicians, as an example of piety and patriot isiii. 
is held up by them to execration. 

Zachary is made a life-member of a doty * 

Dick is cast out as a heathen. 

Zachary is counted worthy of aM honor by a ;o ! ic- edh; 
enlightened, civilized, republicn?' Ch/isiiuu porpi ', ; r: i 
is by them elevated to the ^ i ' . f'A , '’1, ; o o 

people, is elevated to the gn k ws. 


12 

Such are the different results of killing owe at the bidding 
and for the benefit offMJO,and killing iAoMsaw<is for the bene¬ 
fit and at the bidding of millions. 

Such are the points of agreement and difference between 
the assassin and the soldier. They differ solely in reference 
to incidental circumstances, that affect not the nature of the 
acts, nor the position, motives and character of the per¬ 
petrators. Zachary Taylor and Dick Crowningshield stand 
in precisely the same relation to their God, and to their em¬ 
ployers. Zachary Taylor and every soldier voluntarily hire 
tken - ’ < ut to kill innocent human beings, at the bidding 

anxl ' . ' i > anefit of their employers. Dick Crowningshield 
' i .n»- s.'vm ; and if he is an assassin, so are they. Does 
. U'inv - nocent man at the bidding and for the benefit of 
iu’. JD ike i man an assasstw, and killing thousands at the 
biddinfr a ; for the benefit of millions make him a saint? 
J)oe,T; -n performed for the pleasure and at the instigation 
of lv:v a man a murderer^ and the same act done at 
'he b’slj'jlb. n and for ^he pleasure of millions, constitute 
l.'m a i 1 I? Does murder become a pious, Christian 
iv, O’. rtion to the number who commit it ? Does the 
as.saisir ' 'me respectable, Christian, and worthy of confi- 
d Dil i Ml . portion to the number of his employers and of 
lui viiib ■ If not, then is Zachary Taylor and every sol¬ 
dier a Ml : nly a murderer and an assassin as was Dick 
Crew * c-.dj eld. 

A’c o?:iv r 0 , but every advocate of defensive war is as 
M tigator and promoter of murder as were the 
I' ' I is as accessary to and responsible for the 
M people of JMonterey as were they of the death 
hite. Zachary Taylor is the agent of all that 
as really as was Crowningshield the agent of 
.'he acts of their agents are their acts. When 
I wr ey and violated and murdered the women 
ti. y did the deeds. Let just and truthful 
I i‘? .long of all warriors and their advocates. 

■ ' i <;)d all ’ ocates of war be told that they 
s, ■ ' ’ it iLi- truth be brought home to them 
Of, i i tiie} .if MS force; and then, and not 
hi c Hi ]• vr and a.; Hate war no more. 

.. i-in Iluilwa 

VA-I A: A. -n, ; 


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